Why is gas so expensive?

Jeremy asked me this question yesterday, and though my first response was "summer driving season," about five minutes later I realized its actually because our dollar's value is plunging.

I haven't written about economic stuff in a while, mostly because I was sick of sounding like Debbie Downer. But this is kinda interesting, and since I don't know how many people out there are aware of it, I figured, why not.

Here's the basics of it: Our government has decided that its a great idea to put America even further into debt, in order to stem the financial losses that have happened so far. Basically, our economy is fueled by spending and debt, and when we the consumers stopped borrowing and spending, the Treasury decided to pick up the slack. (yes, its more complicated than that, but we're keeping it simple here)

I have mixed feelings about this, especially since some of that spending has gone to support social services I like. But its a bad idea. Just like an individual, no one can borrow and spend indefinitely. Eventually you hit your credit limit.

The same thing happens to governments, but its a different process. Instead of borrowing from one place, the US Treasury sells bonds and Treasury bills(IOUs) to multiple investors. Many countries also buy these bonds, and in fact more than half of these bonds and T-bills are owned by foreign countries, mostly China.

Now, as the global economic crisis continues, and our personal economy falters, its getting harder to find people who want to invest in America's IOUs. And of course the issue is not simply that people don't have the money, its that they wonder how sound of an investment it is. Now, no one thinks America is going to default on its debt. But they wonder about the value of the dollar.

Put it this way: your friend in Bilderia needs money, so you lend him $10. He says he will pay you in a year with $22 Bilderbucks, $20 Bilderbucks being the equivalent of $10USB plus $2 Bilderbucks in interest. A year goes by, and because Bilderia had some economic issues the value of the Bilderbuck has dropped. Now, the $22 Bilderbucks he pays you is only worth $9.50 US. Not only did you not make any interest, but you lost 50 cents.

That's what investors are worried about. Treasury bonds and bills work the same way. You get paid back in US dollars, and it is a specific number of US dollars. Exchange rate doesn't matter. So if the dollar sinks too low, these foreign investors lose money. The dollar's value sinks for many reasons, but us borrowing so much is a big one. Cause its not too hard to find someone to lend you $500, but its harder if you need $50,000. The same thing is happening. We are borrowing so much that there jsut aren't enough people who want to lend it.

So the Treasury raises the interest that is promises to pay, trying to lure more investors to lend to us. And guess what that does....it lowers the value of the dollar. Which then makes the investors skittish, and thus the cycle continues. The higher this rate goes, the worse the dollar will do, and the more imported goods like gas will cost. Which, unfortunately, means higher prices for you and me.

This is highly oversimplified, but hopefully you get the gist of it.